the purpose of this study was to compare various direct techniques of measuring attitudes toward risk. the equally likely certainty equivalent with a purely hypothetical risky prospect (elce-ph), the equally likely certainty equivalent with a hypothetical but realistic risky prospect (elce-r) and probability of winning demanded (pwd) models were used to elicit the risk attitude of a sample ...

We consider two-players stochastic reachability games with partial observation on both sides and finitely many states, signals and actions. We prove that in such games, either player 1 has a strategy for winning with probability 1, or player 2 has a strategy for winning with probability 1, or both players have strategies that guarantee winning with strictly positive probability (positively winn...

This paper studies competition between two office-motivated candidates when voters vote probabilistically and candidates maximize expected plurality or they maximize probability of winning. Every symmetric equilibrium under probability of winning is an equilibrium under expected plurality, but the converse hinges on some subtle issues. In a standard model of probabilistic voting, equilibria und...

We consider synchronizing properties of Markov decision processes (MDP), viewed as generators of sequences of probability distributions over states. A probability distribution is p-synchronizing if the probability mass is at least p in some state, and a sequence of probability distributions is weakly p-synchronizing, or strongly p-synchronizing if respectively infinitely many, or all but finite...

Markov decision processes (MDP) are finite-state systems with both strategic and probabilistic choices. After fixing a strategy, an MDP produces a sequence of probability distributions over states. The sequence is eventually synchronizing if the probability mass accumulates in a single state, possibly in the limit. Precisely, for 0 ≤ p ≤ 1 the sequence is p-synchronizing if a probability distri...