abstract:the general perception of islamic finance is that it prohibits the practice of paying and receiving interest, but islamicfinance is much broader than interest rate prohibition. islamic financial services can be viewed as a set of financialservices which are diversified based on the needs of society.since in the iranian economy most of the enterprises are micro and/or small, micro finan...

nowadays family tkaful in islamic societies has been  studied as islamic financing tools and in detail as a legal institution based on the theory of common benefit – common loss and collective cooperation. likewise in some western countries, among the uk , family tkaful as risk financing tools has important role beside insurance in society risk  financing.  it's seems to be necessary, shia...

OBJECTIVE To review special issues related to pediatric residency training in managed care organizations, the effects of the changing health care system on the demand for pediatricians and the potential impact on financial support for residency training, current methods of financing graduate medical education (GME), possible future approaches to financing GME, and policy directions to support t...

Innovation & Prosperity Fund (IPfund) in Iran as a governmental organization aims to develop new technology-based firms (NTBF) by its available resources through financing these firms. The innovative projects which refer to IPfund for financing are in a stage which can receive both fixed rate facilities and partnership in the projects, i.e. profit loss sharing (PLS). Since this fund must protec...

At present, there is no consensus in the literature concerning the influence of different credit financing on investment efficiency of enterprises, especially the lack of empirical evidence in developing countries. In this paper, based on the World Bank enterprise survey data, using the Heckman sample selection model, we study the effects of bank credit and trade credit on investment efficiency...