abstract: the present study is about prophet ishmael, some parts of his life; his personality in the quran and the bible; and the comparison of the content of these two religious books. compilation of the study has been done with a new perspective and new presentation approach. since prophets have been human beings’ role model and their life has been a perfect example for humanity in all ages,...

phatic communion is a cultural concept which differs across cultures. according to hofstede (2001), the u.s. tends to have individualistic culture; however, asian countries tend to have collectivistic cultures. these cultures view phatic communion differently. in individualistic cultures like u.s., phatic communion reflects speakers’ socio-cultural relationships in conversations. to see whether...

With a geopolitical look at the issues of Iran and the surrounding Islamic countries, it is clear that any action in Iran, as a center of Shiite religion, affects the Islamic countries of the neighborhood, which are part of the Iranian sphere of influence. By having more knowledge about the influential factors in this area, Iran can pay more attention to coping with issues and solving problems ...

introruction khawf in(iran)-herat and mazaresharif and shirkhan bandar in (afghanistan)-dushanbe in (tajikistan)_(kirgizstan)-kashghar in(china) project railway network is under construction that it is as a significant corridor for revitalizing silk road corridor in the region .at the present there are three different gauge in the region central asia with 1,520 mm gauge and turkey-islamic repu...

Iran and Turkey have had good relations since the Atatürk era and Turkey, despite the existence of competition and cross-sectoral tensions. Even with the Islamic Revolution and the coming of a religious government, relations between Iran and the secular state of Turkey were maintained at a moderate level. It was expected that Islamic relations with Turkey would be better suited to the rise of I...

abstract because of the many geopolitical, geo economical and geo strategically potentials and communicational capabilities of eco region, members can expand the convergence and the integration in base of this organization that have important impact on members development and expanding peace in international and regional level. based on quality analyzing of library findings and experts interv...