nowadays, air pollution is a global problem that has had significant growth by technology development, population growth andindustrial development. industrial development brought natural resources deterioration, more manufacturing products, and more environmental pollutants. if pollutant won’t be controlled, human-being and wildlife will face the critical risks. significant release and critical...

the present study is an attempt to investigate the potential impact of inspirational quotes on improving english abstract vocabulary recall. to achieve this goal, a multiple choice language proficiency test of 60 items including vocabulary and grammar component was administered to a sample of 63 second-semester male and female students whose age ranged between 17 to 22 and they were studying en...

Introduction: Marjoram (Origanom majorana L), a plant which belongs to lamiaceae family, is used in medicine and food industry for its high antioxidant compounds. Since antioxidant activity of plants is affected by extraction method, this study aimed to optimize the extraction method of these compounds from different tissues of majoram (leaf and flower) in vegetative and flowering stages. Metho...

this study investigated the effects of planning on second-language written production with regard to task type. the participants were 75 iranian learners of english as a foreign language attending a private foreign language institution. they were asked to complete two different types of writing tasks (expository writing task and argumentative writing task) in different planned conditions (indiv...

Background: St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is an important medicinal plant that has been widely used for its antidepressant properties. Objective: In this study morphological characteristics variation of populations of H. perforatum were investigated. Methods: In this study, different morphological characteristics of 25 H. perforatum populations in Iran’s natural habitats were eva...

writing as a productive skill requires practice in the basic sub-skills of vocabulary and grammar. in fact, grammar has been viewed as the core of programs in writing classes to help the students put the elements of sentence together and combine sentences of specific lengths to come up with an error-free work of art. conceptualizing l2 writing in this way introduces writing as a product and enc...

recent years have witnessed an increased attention to form focused instruction and consciousness raising activities (ellis, 2002; doughty & williams, 1998) on the one hand and extensive and meaningful exposure to the target language (klapper & rees, 2003; day & bamford, 1998) on the other. due to significance attributed to above mentioned issues by scholars, this study attempted to bridge them ...