Recently, Abbasbandy and Asady have been proposed a modificationof the distance based approach, namely ``sign distance method''.However, in this paper, it is shown that this method has some drawbacks, i.e.,the result is not consistent with human intuition for specialcases and this method cannot always logically infer rankingorder of the images of the fuzzy numbers. In this paper, wepresent a re...

The well-founded semantics and stable model semantics have proven popular semantics for logic programs. However, these semantics (and others) are not directly amenable to logical reasoning since logically equivalent logic programs may have different stable or well-founded models. Many natural simplifications are not universally valid. Furthermore, in some semantics – including the stable model ...

Here is an account of logical consequence inspired by Bolzano and Tarski. Logical validity is a property of arguments. An argument is a pair of a set of interpreted sentences (the premises) and an interpreted sentence (the conclusion). Whether an argument is logically valid depends only on its logical form. The logical form of an argument is fixed by the syntax of its constituent sentences, the...