current studies in second language (l2) learning have revealed the positive role of corrective feedback (cf) in both oral and written forms in different language features. the present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of both direct and indirect written corrective feedback (wcf) on the use of grammatical collocations in l2 writing. the study also sought to examine whether the effec...

abstract lexical knowledge of complex english words is an important part of language skills and crucial for fluent language use (nation, 2001). the present study, thus, was an attempt to assess the role of morphological decomposition awareness as a vocabulary learning strategy on learners’ productive and receptive recall and recognition of complex english words. so 90 sophomores (female and ma...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the components of  governance and the way authority is distributed in the Islamic City Council of Tehran in the process of fulfilling their internal and  external duties. Based on the existing governance theories, three types of governance have been recognized for the process of passing  and implementing regulations regarding c...

in this study reference as one of the five cohesive devices in the achievement of textuality in english and persian narrative/descripitive written texts is focused on and analysed . to do so , the theoretical framework elaborated by halliday and hasan (1976) and its version adapted by the writer to match the sub-types of reference in farsi are applied to the analysis of reference in english and...

the debate whether esp teachers need to have knowledge of the specialized field they are teaching has been an issue in the literature over the last two decades. the aim of conducting this study was to explore iranian learners’ and instructors’ beliefs and attitudes concerning the role of specialized knowledge in teaching esp classes. a seventeen item questionnaire was administered to 400 esp le...

چکیده: برای بررسی تنوع گونه ای کنه های بالاخانواده های tetranychoidea و raphignathoideaباغات و مزارع شهرستان های بناب و ملکان ، نمونه برداری هایی در فصل زراعی سال 1389 از خاک و اندام های هوایی صورت گرفت. در این مطالعه تعداد 2000 اسلاید میکروسکوپی از مجموع نمونه های جمع آوری شد و در مجموع 30 گونه از 15 جنس متعلق به 6 خانواده شناسایی گردید که از بین این تعداد 3 گونه برای فون کل دنیا و 2 گونه برا...

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abstract because of the many geopolitical, geo economical and geo strategically potentials and communicational capabilities of eco region, members can expand the convergence and the integration in base of this organization that have important impact on members development and expanding peace in international and regional level. based on quality analyzing of library findings and experts interv...

efl/esl textbooks have been regarded as essential language teaching materials with which the learners spend about 70 up to 90 percent of their class time. the important role they play and their vast use make them not only influential in learning the language but also in shaping values and attitudes. put it another way, textbooks socialize learners using their contents (i.e. texts, illustrations...