The purpose of this paper is to introduce three algorithms for sorting in situ. They are dealt with in a single paper so that the introductions can share what they have in common; they are presented in the order of increasing complexity. The rest oi this section is devoted to the terminology that is used throughout this paper and to a central subalgorithm. We assume the reader to be familiar wi...

in safavid era, ottoman rulers were interested in science and culture, and there were always iranian physicians, astronomers, scholars, artists and poets in their courts. although there were always wars between most ottoman sultans and the safavid kings, they could not prevent iranian culture from influencing that land. at the same time, artists and scholars went to other countries, including t...

We report the cases of a father and his son with spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7), a disorder rarely reported in Japan. The father had noticed dysarthria at age 38, and gait instability at age 46. Visual disturbance was noted 3 years later. Neurological examination at age 54 revealed visual disturbance, dysarthria, and cerebellar ataxia in all four extremities and the trunk. Cranial MRI sho...

the victory of tugrul in dandanghan (431 hq/1073 ad) heralded the rule of seljuks in persia. the pinnacle of this period could be said to have been the ten years reign of alp arsalan (455-65/1063-73) and twenty years reign of his son malekshah (465-85/1063-73). these thirty years of continuous rule by father and son coincided with the chancellorship of khajeh nizam al-mulk, a wise counselor to ...