Recent studies have suggested that the ratio of the length of the second and fourth digit (2D:4D) may be associated with developmental instability (DI) as measured by the left-right asymmetry of the same digits. Because the 2D:4D ratio is amongst others, determined prenatally as a result of exposure to sex hormones, such an association could indicate that the same prenatal developmental process...

In this paper, a new and ecient approach based on operational matrices with respect to the gener-alized Laguerre polynomials for numerical approximation of the linear ordinary dierential equations(ODEs) with variable coecients is introduced. Explicit formulae which express the generalized La-guerre expansion coecients for the moments of the derivatives of any dierentiable function in termsof th...

a fully fuzzy linear programming (fflp) formulation for the reservoir operation of amultipurpose reservoir in presented in the ongoing paper. in the real world, water resourcessystems usually have complexities among social, economic, natural resources andenvironmental aspects, which lead to multi-objective problems of significant uncertainties insystem parameters, objectives and in their intera...

in this paper, we consider the construction of a new class ofnumerical methods based on the backward differentiation formulas(bdfs) that be equipped by including two off--step points. werepresent these methods from general linear methods (glms) pointof view which provides an easy process to improve their stabilityproperties and implementation in a variable stepsize mode. thesesuperiorities are ...