Since the IEEE ratification of the 802.11 standard in 1999, continuous exploits have been discovered compromising the confidentiality, integrity and availability of 802.11 networks. This paper describes the justification for a project to assess the security status of wireless network usage in society. It reviews the status of both commercial and residential approaches to wireless network securi...

Urban areas consume up to 80 percent of the world's total energy production and are growing in size and complexity. At present, urban building energy consumption is largely considered solely in terms of individual building types, neglecting the effects of residents’ location-based activities that influence patterns in energy supply and demand. Here, we examine the spatial fluctuations of these ...

As environmental standards become more stringent (e.g. European Directive 2008/50/EC), more reliable and sophisticated modeling tools are needed to simulate measures and plans that may effectively tackle air quality exceedances, common in large cities across Europe, particularly for NO2. Modeling air quality in urban areas is rather complex since observed concentration values are a consequence ...

Do targeted macroprudential measures impact non-targeted sectors too? We investigate the compositional changes in supply of credit by Swiss banks, exploiting their differential exposure to activation 2013 countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB) which banks’ residential mortgages. find that additional requirements resulting from CCyB are associated with higher growth commercial lending. While bank...

Land use (LU) information is of significant value for various urban studies and is needed for a wide variety of decision-making initiatives in the range of global, regional and urban areas. A challenge that researchers and practitioners have been facing in urban modeling/planning is the lack of detailed information regarding how cities are structured and how urban development evolves. This stud...

Background Health apps are a booming, yet under-regulated market, with potential consumer harms in privacy and health safety. Regulation of the health app market tends to be siloed, with no single sector holding comprehensive oversight. We sought to explore this phenomenon by critically analysing how the problem of health app regulation is being presented and addressed in the policy arena...

reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions have become a worldwide necessity. iran has the sixteenth ranking position of global greenhouse gas emissions and its rate of growth is above global average. built environments are responsible for about 40% of energy consumption and it is generally approved that the greatest portion of built environment is dedicated to residential land us...