a sensitive monitoring of biological analytes, such as biomolecules (protein, lipid, dna and rna), and biological cells (blood cell, virus and bacteria), is essential to assess and avoid risks for human health. nanobiosensors, analytical devices that combine a biologically sensitive element with a nanostructured transducer, are being widely used for molecular detection of biomarkers associated ...

rice is among the most important food crops throughout the world. hybrid rice benefits from about a 30 percent yield advantage over the conventional pure line varieties and this phenomenon can play an important role in fighting world hunger. to diminish the damage of rice pests, development of insect pest management strategies in hybrid rice is necessary. this study was aimed at evaluating the ...

We report on recommendations from a National Institutes of Health Workshop on methods for evaluating the use of surrogate endpoints in clinical trials, which was attended by experts in biostatistics and clinical trials from a broad array of disease areas. Recent advances in biosciences and technology have increased the ability to understand, measure, and model biological mechanisms; appropriate...