the quest for power has formed much of the world history especially in 20th and 21st centuries. oil (energy) particularly after industrial revolution has been a tool for conquest and power and has been transformed to a geopolitical issue. from a geopolitical point of view this has been the case for the last two centuries in central asia and caucasus. central asia and caucasus has always been...

در میان اکسید های فلزات واسطه، تترا اکسید تری کبالت (co3o4) به دلیل داشتن خواص جالب و بی همتا مانند خواص کاتالیستی، مغناطیسی، الکتروکرومیک، خواص نوری و الکتروشیمیایی به طور گسترده ای مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این اکسید دارای ساختار اسپینل نرمال و یک نیم رسانا از نوع p-با دمای نیل حدود k30 است. روش تجزیه حرارتی پیشماده مولکولی یک روش نوید بخش برای تهیه نانو ساختارهای اکسید فلزات با سطح ویژه زیاد...

the present study set out (a) to examine the categories of pedagogical knowledge related to the act of teaching of novice and experienced teachers as gleaned from their verbal report of what they were thinking about while teaching and (b) to compare the categories of pedagogical knowledge of novice and experienced teachers. the aim of comparing these two groups of teachers was to see whether di...

“any science seeks generalities; the aim is to transcend knowledge of particular cases by discovering general regularities or laws” (chesterman, 2001, p. 1). these were the words of chesterman whose paper has served as a typical example of numerous papers carried out on ‘translation universals’ since the mid-nineties. blum-kulka (1986) is among translation studies scholars who proposed ‘explici...

از مجموع پرونده 660 بیماری که طی نیمه اول سال 1371 دچار گاستروآنتریت شده بودند و در بیمارستان 17 شهریور رشت بستری شده بودند، نتایج زیر بدست آمد : در مجموع از این 660 کودک مبتلا به گاستروآنتریت باتوجه به اینکه تمام آنها u/a داشتند، 77 نفر u/aمثبت داشته اند و u/c در مورد 28 نفر مثبت شده است . کسانی که u/a آنها مثبت بوده و همزمان کشت ادراری یعنی u/c مثبت شده است ، 20 نفر بوده اند که موضوع تحقیقات ...

the author intend to by studying the historical causes of the appearance of the novation in the west and explanation of its legal nature from past to present of french law, proves on the one hand that the novation does not extracted from the french civil code and in the shiite jurisprudence with quite similar terms even before the enactment of iranian civil code, was considered by the shiite su...