Numerous studies have detailed the extensive conservation of developmental signaling pathways between the model system, Drosophila melanogaster, and mammalian models, but researchers have also profited from the unique and highly tractable genetic tools available in this system to address critical questions in physiology. In this review, we have described contributions that Drosophila researcher...

Kenya's post-election violence in early 2008 created considerable problems for health services, and in particular, those providing HIV care. It was feared that the disruptions in services would lead to widespread treatment interruption. MSF had been working in the Kibera slum for 10 years and was providing antiretroviral therapy to 1800 patients when the violence broke out. MSF responded to the...

Authors and their sponsors are beginning to realize that immediate free Web access (IFWA) provides the most convenient access to journal articles thereby maximizing their impact. Furthermore, IFWA is the most economical mode of access, and, no matter what the mode, authors and their sponsors pay nearly all the costs of access. Because those who pay for access to journal articles consider IFWA b...

In order to study the therapeutic and developing aspect the child's noma in Burkina Faso, we have undertaken a retrospective study on a ten-years-period, with the files of 59 children hospitalized in the hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso, completed with a visit to the children's families after their leaving the hospital. The medical treatment has allowed to reach a recovery rate of 79.6% at the cost o...

The search for microorganisms giving higher yields of desired fermentation products has profited from the use of mutagenic agents. This approach has proved especially valuable in the isolation of superior strains of antibiotic producing cultures. However, large numbers of isolates must be tested because many are inferior to or no better than the parent organism. There is need for a method which...