the clivus is the surface of a portion of the occipital and sphenoid bones in the base of the skull. (1)it is surrounded by the neurovascular structures of the brainstem, as well as internal carotid arteries. tumors of the clivus can be benign (chordoma)or malignant (chondrosarcoma).(2) chordomas are rare, aggressive, slow-growing, invasive, and locally destructive tumors that arise from the no...

We consider games in which an informed sender first talks at no cost to a receiver; then, the latter proposes decision and, finally, accepts proposal or “exits”. make following assumptions: has finitely many types, receiver's is real-valued, utility functions over decisions are concave, single-peaked and single-crossing, exit damaging receiver. In this setup, it may happen that babbling equilib...

This paper develops recursive methods for considering stationary sequential equilibria in games with private actions and signals (private monitoring games), where play is assumed not only to continue forever into the future, but is also assumed to have occurred forever into the past. In particular, we develop set-based methods for constructing all pure strategy equilibria of the subclass of str...

In this paper, with help of the concept of hyper-rationality, we model the interaction between two investment companies by an important game as trickery game that has special equilibrium which called hyper-equilibrium. In trickery game, one company can choose cooperation with another company until the last moment and finally changes his action to non-cooperation which incur more loss to an oppo...

In an equilibrium model of the labor market, workers and firms enter into dynamic contracts that can potentially last forever, but are subject to optimal terminations. Upon termination, the firm hires a new worker, and the worker who is terminated receives a termination contract from the firm and is then free to go back to the labor market to seek new employment opportunities and enter into new...