Salinity is the most important environmental stress that reduces plants growth and yield. It has been shown that salicylic acid, as an endogenous signal, is responsible for inducing stress tolerance in plants. In this experiment, the effect of salicylic acid and sodium chloride on growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) was studied. When bean plants were at two-leaf stage, they were sprayed by thre...

teachers beliefs have usually been left unattended in the realm of educational research in iranian context. one of those beliefs which seems to impact teachers performance in the classroom is their sense of self-efficacy, which refers to teachers belief in their ability to enhance student achievement and in bringing about positive learning outcomes. the present study aimed to investigate the pr...

the purpose of this study was to investigate how english language teachers in mashhad who teach students in the pre-university cycle perceived the impact of the efltee on their teaching. the target population was nearly all pre-university english language teachers in seven districts of mashhad in the scholastic year 2008/2009. a survey questionnaire which consisted of (36) likert type items, wa...

this study aimed to investigate the effects of listening strategy training on iranian efl learners listening comprehension and use of such strategies. this work, employing an experimental methodology, was conducted among 60 adult efl learners from a language institute in isfahan, iran, as participants. the participants, who were selected based on the results of a placement test, were assigned t...

abstract the balvard metamorphic assemblage (bma) crops out at the northeastern margin of the southeastern part of the sanandaj-sirjan zone (ssz) in contacting to the dehshir-baft ophiolitic mélange. this location prepared a special situation to resolve some of the complicated tectonic problems of this part of iran. petrology, micro-tectonics and satellite image investigation were carried out ...

this exploratory study aimed to investigate a possible relationship between learners’ beliefs about language learning and one of their personality traits; that is,locus of control (loc). both variables, beliefs and locus of control, are assumed to influence the language learning process. the internal control index (ici) and the beliefs about language learning inventory (balli) were administered...

Silicon (Si) nutrition may alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses including heavy metal deficiency and toxicity in plants. Iron deficiency and toxicity are important limiting factors in growth of rice. In the present study, role of Si nutrition on alleviation of iron deficiency and toxicity was investigated in rice plants. Plants were cultivated in greenhouse in hydroponics, using Yoshida soluti...