introduction: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a enfeeble neurodegenerative disorder characterized by increased β-amyloid (aβ) deposition and neuronal dysfunction leading to impaired learning and recall. among proposed risk factors, impaired cholinergic transmission is a main cause for incidence of disease. methods: in the present study, effects of the intracerebroventricularly administration of an ...

BACKGROUND Learning and memory are the most intensively studied subjects in neuroscience. Two sites of mammalian brain which are important in learning and memory are CA1 region of hippocampus and Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum. So, the aim of present investigation was to study of the effect of ovariectomy and passive avoidance learning on NR1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor d...

Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) in long-term is associated with learning and memory decline. Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug with antioxidant and memory-improving effects. Thus, this research study was conducted to assess the effect of metformin on learning and memory in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In the present study, male Wistar rats (n=32) were randomly assign...

Introduction: Zinc is an essential rare element that plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and modulation of the activity of central nervous system and is involved in learning and memory. Increasing zinc intake may protect against conditions associated with zinc deficiency, such as diabetes. Some studies have revealed that zinc deficiency in diabetic subjects is due to hogher excret...

Introduction: The life quality of patients with epileptic seizures is highly affected by cognitive deficits. Low Frequency Stimulation (LFS) is a novel approach for the treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The main goal of this research is investigating the possible effect of LFS on seizure-induced cognitive dysfunction.  Methods: To this end, the kindled animal were prepared via CA1 ...

Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which patients experience spontaneous recurrent seizures and deficiency in learning and memory. Although the most commonly recommended therapy is drug treatment, some patients do not achieve adequate control of their seizures on existing drugs. New medications with novel mechanisms of action are needed to help those patients whose sei...

abstract   introduction: diabetes mellitus accompanies with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. considering the beneficial antidiabetic potential of nigella sativum (ns ), this research study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic consumption of ns on learning and memory in diabetic rats using passive avoidance and y-maz...

stress has a profound impact on the nervous system and causes cognitive problems that are partly related to the inflammatory effects. besides influencing the content of neurotransmitters, antidepressants such as doxepin are likely to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic effects. therefore, the present study investigated the effects of doxepin on passive avoidance learning ...