To deal with the low accuracy of demand forecasting in supply chain, this paper uses the genetic algorithm to estimate the developing coefficient and the control variable of the GM(1,1) model and predicts the demand of every level in supply chain with this forecasting model, then uses a negotiation algorithm based on game theory to optimize the demand forecast when demand forecast disruption oc...

  Supply chain includes two or more parties linked by flow of goods, information, and funds. In a decentralized system, supply chain members make decision regardless of their decision's effects on the performance of the other members and the entire supply chain. This is the key issue in supply chain management, that the mechanism should be developed in which different objectives should be align...

The capability to improve market responsiveness to meet future uncertain demand is a critical imperative for many firms today. Flexibility in the supply chain to accommodate such changes in demand is a function of the alternative routes a product may take as it travels from the plant where it is made to the distribution center to the regional warehouse and finally to the retailer. From a supply...

Supply chain functions must operate in an integrated manner in order to optimize performance. However, the dynamics of the organization and the market make this challenging. In particular, the procurement function is a crucial link between the sources of supply and the organization. With most organizations spending at least one-third of their overall budget to purchase goods and services, procu...

Firms no longer compete as autonomous entities and prefer to join in a supply chain alliance to take advantage of highly competitive business situation. Supply chain coordination has a great impact on strategic partnering and success of a firm in competitive business environment. In this paper, we propose a system dynamics simulation model for strategic partner selection in supply chain. Our mo...

This paper studies a decentralized supply chain in which a manufacturer sells a common generic product through two traditional and online retailers under free riding market. We assume that the traditional retailer provides the value added services but the online retailer does not. Factors such as retail prices, local advertising of the retailers, global advertising of the manufacturer and servi...

Sustainable supply chain has become an integral part of the corporate strategy. In this paper, a real case study of the natural gas supply chain has been investigated. Using concepts related to natural gas industry and the relations among the compo-nents of gas and oil wells, refineries, storage tanks, dispatching, transmission and distribution network, a seven-level supply chain has been intro...

This paper addresses integration issues in supply chain, and tries to investigate how different aspects of integration are linked with some product features. Integration in this study is interpreted as "internal", "upstream" (supply), and "downstream" (demand). Two features of product innovative and quality are considered. To examine the relationships between supply chain integrations – as ment...

the performance of a supply chain can be evaluated in either a cross-sectional or a time series manner, and data envelopment analysis is a useful method for both types of evaluation. in this paper we develop an index and indicator of productivity change that can be used with radial and non-radial models for supply chain malmquist index. the supply chain malmquist productivity index (scmpi) can ...