Background The inclusion of cost-effectiveness data, as a basis for priority setting rankings, is a distinguishing feature in the formulation of the Swedish national guidelines. Guidelines are generated with the direct intent to influence health policy and support decisions about the efficient allocation of scarce healthcare resources. Certain medical conditions may be given higher priority ran...

Decision making plays an important role in economics, psychology, philosophy, mathematics, statistics and many other fields. In each field, decision making consists of identifying the values, uncertainties and other issues that define the decision. In any field, the nature of the decisions is affected by environmental characteristics. In this paper, we are considered the production planning pro...

methods mycobacterium tuberculosis standard strain crbip7.11 was cultured at 37°c in loewenstein johnson (lj) media for 3-4 weeks. to confirm the species, standard microbiological and biochemical tests were performed. after preparation of membrane vesicles, the amount of protein in membrane vesicles was measured by sds-page and nanodrop. to analyze the integrity and morphology of extracellular ...

the concept of decision making, factors influencing it and the related outcomes have always attracted researchers. the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of sacred values on decision making, decision difficulty and the resulting negative emotions. thus, a sample of 288 students from the university of guilan were chosen as subjects and were required to complete a standard questio...

In this paper, we have tried to utilize a combination of qualitative and quantitative model for evaluating and prioritizing the efficiency of Iran’s provincial tax offices from 2011 to 2014. For this purpose, the tax offices in each province have been considered as a decision-making unit (DMU) that has several inputs and outputs. At first, the provinces were divided into less developed and more...

Background Despite the significant role “values” play in decision-making no definition or attributes regarding the concept have been provided in health policy-making. This study aimed to clarify the defining attributes of a concept of value and its irrelevant structures in health policy-making. We anticipate our findings will help reduce the semantic ambiguities associated with the use of “valu...

the use of value engineering (ve) methodology in construction industry has grown significantly, mainly in view of its extensive benefits. the main task in evaluation phase of ve workshop is to assess alternative ideas, proposed for each function. this phase of ve, hence, could be deemed as a multi criteria decision making (mcdm) problem. this paper presents a fuzzy decision support system (dss)...