with the growth of more humanistic approaches towards teaching foreign languages, more emphasis has been put on learners’ feelings, emotions and individual differences. one of the issues in teaching and learning english as a foreign language is demotivation. the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of language learning strategies, optimism, duration o...

abstract in written mode of language, metadiscourse markers are used commonly to help writers in general and academic writers in particular to produce coherent and professional texts. the purpose of the present study was to compare introduction sections of applied linguistics and physics articles regarding their use of interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers based on the model pro...

this study aimed at examining the effects of iranian efl learners’ anxiety, ambiguity tolerance, and gender on their preferences for corrective feedback (cf, henceforth). the effects were sought with regard to the necessity, frequency, and timing of cf, types of errors that need to be treated, types of cf, and choice of correctors. seventy-five iranian efl students, twenty-eight males and forty...

to teach english adequately, qualified teachers are needed. unfortunately, there are still teachers who are teaching english without an academic degree in tefl. it is necessary for teachers to have a major in english to have subject knowledge, but it is not sufficient. teachers need to have an understanding of the social, cultural, moral, ethical, and pedagogical issues of education and practic...

adolescents and young adults and their problems is an issue whose importance is obvious to anyone because youth are the founders of our countrys future and requires proper planning to be on leisure. given the importance of leisure,this study to investigate needs assessment and planning how adolescents and young adults spend their leisure time in urban of case study of high school girls and boys...

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a powerful tool for measuring relative efficiency of organizational units referred to as decision making units (dmus). in most cases dmus have network structures with internal linking activities. traditional dea models, however, consider dmus as black boxes with no regard to their linking activities and therefore do not provide decision makers with the reasons...

the purpose of this study is to describe and determine the relationship between relationship marketing, customer satisfaction and intention to revisited in mashhad’s women aerobics clubs. to do this,300 randomly customers from women aerobic clubs were chosen and data was collected through kim relationship marketing questionnaire(2008) and ?=0.92, lim satisfaction questionnaire(2008) and ?=0...

نوسان ساز ها جزء لا ینفک بسیاری از سیستم های الکترونیکی هستند. کاربرد های آنها تولید ساعت در ریزپردازنده ها تا سنتز فرکانس حامل در تلفن های سلولی را در بر می گیرد که نیاز به توپولوژیهای متفاوتی از نوسان ساز ها با درجات متفاوتی از کارایی دارند.طراحی نوسان ساز مقاوم و کارا در فناوری cmos جزء مسائل جالب است.معمولا نوسان ساز ها را در یک حلقه ی قفل فاز(pll) بکار می برند با توجه به کاربرد pll ، بحث م...