This paper studies the competitive and cooperative selection of inventory policies in a two-echelon supply chain with one supplier and N retailers. Stochastic demand is monitored continuously. Retailers incur inventory holding and backorder penalty costs. The supplier incurs holding costs for its inventory and backorder penalty costs for backorders at the retailers. The latter cost reflects the...

Inventory situations, introduced in Meca et al. (2004), study how a collective of firms can minimize its joint inventory cost by means of cooperation. Depending on the information revealed by the individual firms, they analyze two related cooperative TU games: inventory cost games and holding cost games, and focus on proportional division mechanisms to share the joint cost. It turns out that ho...

We study the optimal policy for a serial inventory system under periodic review when excess demand at the retailer (i.e., the most downstream stage) is lost. We focus on “high service level environments” (i.e., systems where the cost of a lost sale is high compared to inventory holding costs). These environments are typical of products whose margins are high relative to their holding costs. Whe...

in this paper, a multi-product continues review inventory control problem within batch arrival queuing approach (mqr/m/1) is modeled to find the optimal quantities of maximum inventory. the objective function is to minimize summation of ordering, holding and shortage costs under warehouse space, service level, and expected lost-sales shortage cost constraints from retailer and warehouse viewpoi...

Generally ordering policies are done by two methods, including fix order quantity (FOQ) and fix order period (FOP). These methods are static and either the quantity of ordering or the procedure of ordering is fixing in throughout time horizon. In real environments, demand is varying in any period and may be considered as uncertainty. When demand is variable in any period, the traditional and st...