Imaging the interior of a region with waveforms recorded on the surface is a key application of scattering theory in geophysics, medical imaging and many other fields. In this chapter I will discuss how the waveform inversion problem can be formulated in terms of statistical inference. Statistical methods are essential in order to be able to take into account the limited, uncertain nature of th...

Seismic modeling aids the geophysicists to have a better understanding of the subsurface image before the seismic acquisition, processing, and interpretation. In this regard, seismic survey modeling is employed to make a model close to the real structure and to obtain very realistic synthetic seismic data. The objective of this study is to analyze the resolution and illumination of the fault by...

in this paper an application of gustafson-kessel clustering algorithm is presented to create a fault detection map (fdm). five post-stack seismic attributes are extracted from a desired seismic time slice related to 3d seismic data of a gas field located in southwest of iran. to find the optimal cluster numbers, two frequently used clustering validity measures, i.e. sc and xb, are used and then...

Accurately locating microseismic events can be used to monitor fluid migration during reservoir production and hydrofracturing operations. This is usually done with sparse networks of seismic sensors located in boreholes or with denser surface arrays. The data used for microearthquake monitoring are corrupted by noise, which reduces the signal-to-noise ratio to values as low as 0.1. Monitoring ...

near-surface variations can be very complex and may distort amplitudes and arrival times of the reflections events from target reflectors. near-surface complexities include topographic variations, near-surface irregularities, variations in soil conditions and the weathered layer. these perturbations generally have a significant impact on seismic recordings. although there is a general agreement...

We propose an efficient iterative curvelet-regularized deconvolution algorithm that exploits continuity along reflectors in seismic images. Curvelets are a new multiscale transform that provides sparse representations for images (such as seismic images) that comprise smooth objects separated by piece-wise smooth discontinuities. Our technique combines conjugate gradient-based convolution operat...