just as motivation is important in sla research, demotivation constitutes an important factor, too. there are many studies done on demotivation and burnout of teachers. many of these studies have been conducted on one or two aspects of english instruction. consequently, there are few studies which have been done on more than two aspects of english teaching. the aim of this study is to find out ...

iv abstract this study examined the linguistic behaviors of two iranian efl teachers each of them teaching learners of two similar proficiency levels, a beginner level and an intermediate level, to investigate the relationship between the learners proficiency levels and the amounts and purposes for l1 use by the two teachers. the study was carried out to investigate whether there were differe...

within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

abstract the main purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was any significant difference between the speaking achievement of learners who were trained by means of consciousness raising of sociolinguistic skills and that of learners who were trained without the above mentioned task. the participants of this study consist of 60 intermediate level students participating languag...

در فصل اول مفاهیم حلقه چون حلقه موضعی.کاهشی.حلقه نوتری.ارتینی.گراف.گراف جهت دار.همبندی گراف.کمر و قطر گراف تعریف می شود.در فصل دوم عناصر خود توان و پوچ توان حلقه های چهارگان روی حلقه متناهی zp .شرط خود توانی و پوچ توانی این حلقه ها.عنصر ایزوتوپ.کواترنیون خالص تشریح می شود.در فصل سه ساختار این حلقه ها بررسی می شود. ودر فصل چهار گراف مقسوم علیه صفر حلقهای چهارگان.شرط همبندی این گراف.محاسبه قطر و ...

حلقه r ، nzi نامیده می شود؛ اگر برای هر a?r ، l(a) یک n-ایده آل از r باشد. در این مقاله، ابتدا برخی ویژگی های اساسی و بسط های پایه از حلقه هایnzi را مطالعه می نماییم. سپس منظم بودن قوی از حلقه های nzi را مطالعه و به نتایج زیر می رسیم : فرض کنید r یک sf- حلقه چپ باشد ، آنگاه r یک حلقه منظم قوی است اگر وتنها اگر r یک حلقه nzi باشد . اگر r یک حلقه mc2 چپ nzi باشد و هر r- مدول چپ منفرد ساده، ...

most of the verbal constructions of harzani dialect have got inflectional affixes. the majority of the constructions are made up vy adding a specific verbal affix to the verbal stem (infinitive without infinitive marker). only a few number of them is formed by adding a verbal affix to the past participle of the verb. there are specific rules for the formation of different verbal types. there is...

in the area of automotive engineering there is a tendency to more electrification of power train. in this work control of an induction machine for the application of electric vehicle is investigated. through the changing operating point of the machine, adapting the rotor magnetization current seems to be useful to increase the machines efficiency. in the literature there are many approaches wh...

cognitive studies of translation process have recently been awarded a great deal of attention. there exists a psychological angle to almost all translation activities. the present study, thus, deals with analysing the relationships between iranian prospective translators tolerance for ambiguity (ta) and their willingness to translate (wtt). the research was conducted as a mixed methods study, d...

فرض کنید r حلقه ای جابجایی و یکدار باشد. رادیکال پوچ r را با nil(r) نمایش می دهیم که برابر اشتراک همه ایده آل های اول حلقه r می باشد. ایده آل i از حلقه r را یک ایده آل غیر پوچ می نامیم هرگاه i ? nil(r). همچنین h را مجموعه ای از حلقه های یکدار و جابجایی در نظر می گیریم که رادیکال پوچ آن ها یک ایده آل اول تقسیم شده است. فرض کنید r ? hو t(r) حلقه کامل کسرهای r باشد. تابع ?: t(r) ? r_(nil(r)) را با...