To understand the joint impact of horizontal and vertical competition on supply chain intermediation, we propose a model of competition in a three-tier supply chain where intermediaries compete to mediate between competing retailers and capacity-constrained suppliers. We argue that in retailer-driven global supply chains it is more realistic to model the retailers as Stackelberg leaders, and sh...

This paper proposes a model for dynamic pricing that combines knowledge of production capacity and existing commitments, reasoning about uncertainty and learning of market conditions in an attempt to optimise expected profits. In particular, the market conditions are represented as a set of probabilities over the success rate of product prices, and those prices are learned online as the market ...

The compressibility factor of nonassociated chain molecules composed of hard convex core Yukawa segments was derived with SAFT-VR and an extension of the Barker-Henderson perturbation theory for convex bodies. The temperature-dependent chain and dispersion compressibility factors were derived using the Yukawa potential. The effects of temperature, packing fraction, and segment number on the com...

As the two most important nodes in tourism supply chain, competition, as well cooperation relationship between scenic spots and enterprises, has a profound impact on healthy development of industry. In this paper, we establish dual-channel chain model by making many assumptions about operations enterprises. According to repeated game theory, find that there is certain trigger strategy for equil...

In a decentralized supply chain, with long-term competition between independent retailers facing random demands and buying from a common supplier, how should wholesale and retail prices be specified, in an attempt to maximize supply-chain wide profits? We show what types of coordination mechanisms allow the decentralized supply chain to generate aggregate expected profits equal to the optimal p...

Building evolution model of supply chain networks could be helpful to understand its development law. However, specific characteristics and attributes of real supply chains are often neglected in existing evolution models. This work proposes a new evolution model of supply chain with manufactures as the core, based on external market demand and internal competition-cooperation. The evolution mo...