This paper proposes a third meditation-category--automatic self-transcending--to extend the dichotomy of focused attention and open monitoring proposed by Lutz. Automatic self-transcending includes techniques designed to transcend their own activity. This contrasts with focused attention, which keeps attention focused on an object; and open monitoring, which keeps attention involved in the moni...

Background and Aim: Aging is associated with reduced cognitive abilities including attention and memory. There is some evidence that shows randomized dichotic digits test (RDDT) has enough difficulty to show the ear asymmetry in dichotic listening. This study aimed to compare the effect of free and focused attention on dichotic listening ability of young and elderly listeners. Methods: The cros...

the interaction of dppa which is an important component in cellular membrane with molecules of water asmedia, cause some changes in geometry of dppa .in this study we focused our attention on comparing thismolecule with related hydrated complexes employing different basis sets at hartree-fock levels of theory. thetheoretical nmr shielding tensor of some imported atoms were also reported.

Laser-enhanced cavitation during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) was studied in vivo using a small animal model. Laser light was employed to illuminate the sample concurrently with HIFU radiation. The resulting cavitation was detected with a passive cavitation detector. The in vivo measurements were made under different combinations of HIFU treatment depths, laser wavelengths, and HIFU...

Seven experiments were conducted to examine the role of attention in automatization. Ss searched 2-word displays for members of a target category in divided-attention, focused-attention, and dual-task conditions. The main issue was whether attention conditions would affect what Ss learned about co-occurrences of the words in the displays. The attention hypothesis, derived from the instance theo...

Human observers show remarkable efficiency in statistical estimation; they are able, for instance, to estimate the mean size of visual objects, even if their number exceeds the capacity limits of focused attention. This ability has been understood as the result of a distinct mode of attention, i.e. distributed attention. Compared to the focused attention mode, working memory representations und...