Almost ten years after the landmark decision in Roe v. Wade [5] (1973) the battle over abortion [6] was still being waged. The reproductive rights [7] of women in the United States were being challenged by the Pennsylvania Abortion Control Act of 1982 [8]. The act was comprised of four provisions that restricted the fundamental right a woman had to obtaining an abortion [6], as established in R...

Given a family of Dirac-type operators on an odd-dimensional closed manifold, we construct an abelian gerbe-with-connection whose curvature is the three-form component of the Atiyah-Singer families index theorem.

We describe the use of handheld X-ray fluorescence, for elephant tusk species identification. Asian (n = 72) and African (n = 85) elephant tusks were scanned and we utilized the species differences in elemental composition to develop a functional model differentiating between species with high precision. Spatially, the majority of measured elements (n = 26) exhibited a homogeneous distribution ...

Vogt’s theorem, concerning boundary angles of a convex arc with monotonic curvature (spiral arc), is taken as a starting point to establish basic properties of spirals. The theorem is expanded by removing requirements of convexity and curvature continuity; the cases of inflection and multiple windings are considered. Positional restrictions for a spiral arc with two given curvature elements at ...