Determining how monetary policy makers react to changes in key economic variables has been of major interest to monetary economists. Estimates of monetary policy rules (reaction functions) are a widely used method for doing this. Behavior differs under different policy regimes, as in rule-based systems or chronic inflation. In practice, estimates of instrument rules have been used to descri...

Survey based measures of inflation expectations are not informationally efficient yet carry important information about future inflation. This paper explores the economic significance of informational inefficiencies of survey expectations. A model selection algorithm is applied to the inflation expectations of households and professionals using a large panel of macroeconomic data. The expectati...

I n most industrialized economies, periods of above average inflation tend to be associated with above average economic activity, for example, as measured by a relatively low unemployment rate. This statistical relationship, known as the Phillips curve, is sometimes invoked when economic commentators suggest that monetary policy should not try to suppress signs of inflation. But this interpreta...


 The main objective of the research is to measure impact exchange rate on foreign direct investment in Iraq, and achieve this, it has been relying time series data for investment, rate, gross domestic product, inflation money supply period 1990-2021 by applying Iraqi economy as independent economic variables their dependent variable unit root stability test was carried out, order detect i...

a number of countries, including Australia, over the past decade. The adoption of a framework that focuses explicitly on inflation reflects the growing realization that the major contribution that monetary policy can make to economic growth and welfare in the long run is the maintenance of a low and stable inflation rate. Empirical evidence confirms the detrimental effects of higher inflation o...

in this study, the relationship between inflation and economic growth of iran is conciliated with a perspective on uncertainty of inflation. we use a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (garch) model that make possible this advantage that conditional variance of error term changes along the time, also, vector error correction model (vecm) is stable. for surveying the co-in...