The year 1999 marks a remarkable turnaround in Nigeria’s history and bid for global reckoning as a democratic nation having grappled with a sustained military rule for many decades after her independence. However, with the country’s return to democratic rule, many teething problems evolved which of course is not strange to young and emerging democracies such as Nigeria’s particularly after many...

passive defense is a set of civilian efforts performed to enhance deterrence, reduce vulnerability, sustain essential activities, promote national stability, and facilitate crisis management against military threats of an enemy. since in battles, sensitive and critical areas of cities are of paramount importance,it is clear that in military agressions, a large part of threats are focused on cit...

• The United States Department of Defense and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) promulgated policies and requirements that required health professionals to participate in the mistreatment of counter-terrorism detainees through participation in such practices as abusive interrogation and force-feeding of detainees, in violation of ethical standards established by associations representing the he...

The growing use and success of M&S in military-defense activities begs several questions. First, what situational factors and conditions make the use of M&S a critical enabler for maintaining U.S. military-defense operational and tactical readiness? Second, can we postulate that identical or similar situational factors and conditions could identify other industries and markets positioned for br...

Recent US military events have produced a desperate need for language data in languages which have previously been given very little attention. Data resources for languages of military interest are often unavailable or insufficient to adequately develop new technologies. Realizing this need, the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center, has created a language data distribution center,...

the both atlantic side relations from the ancient time had been faced with too much challenge but the continuing of this relation is due to the common political and economical interests. the upper atlantic and the two organizations (nato, eu) still exist to gain the essential goals and the political and security connection which are boosting with the economical integration at the same time. but...