data envelopment analysis (dea) is a powerful tool for measuring relative efficiency of organizational units referred to as decision making units (dmus). in most cases dmus have network structures with internal linking activities. traditional dea models, however, consider dmus as black boxes with no regard to their linking activities and therefore do not provide decision makers with the reasons...

rivers and runoff have always been of interest to human beings. in order to make use of the proper water resources, human societies, industrial and agricultural centers, etc. have usually been established near rivers. as the time goes on, these societies developed, and therefore water resources were extracted more and more. consequently, conditions of water quality of the rivers experienced rap...

Regional policy requires the use of a suitable economic model. One of the common patterns in this field is the multi-region input-output model in which the national economy is subdivided into regions with different comparative advantages and on the basis of specific policies. Multi-regional input-output data preparation in Iran has always been one of the main challenges in using them to measure...

In this paper, the Expanding extraction method of Dietzenbacher & Lahr (2013) is used and in the form of Input-Output general equilibrium model. The article assesses and evaluates the importance of the energy sector and its sub-sections in the Iranian economy based on Iranian input-output table of 2017 that is updated by RAS approach. In this way, the 10% reduction in the supply of coal, crude ...

nowadays,tourism industry considered as one of the main sources of income of a country.unfortunately and despite of owning plenty of cultural historical and natural attractions, iran has not reached to a proper position in this field. besides, the historical cities of a country are considered as the income resource and national wealth of it. qazvin with a rich cultural precedent, have suitable ...

Achieving sustainable economic growth is one of the most important goals of countries' economic programs and policies in the current era. Along with economic growth, consumption of energy rises. Since fossil fuels provide a major share of the world's energy, increased fuel consumption is an inevitable feature of economic growth.  Continuation of this trend increases greenhouse gas emmissions, n...