abstract amino acids are building blocks of proteins, and play a vital role in living beings existence and their functionality. the interaction of these compounds with metal ions is of great importance to biochemists, and chemists, because their functions can be utilized as a model in understanding enzymes mechanism for transport of metal ions to tissues. among twenty essential amino acids w...

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp tritici, known as a destructive disease of wheat worldwide that led to severe crop loss, annually. As chemical control is expensive and not ecologically safe, application of non-toxic chemicals to induce defense mechanism in plant host is desirable. In present study, induction of host resistance using chitosan on the expression of pathogenicity r...

introduction acetic acid bacteria are large group of obligate aerobic gram negative bacteria with the ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid (1). they are widely distributed in natural habitats and classified in family acetobacteraceae. members of this family are useful in industrial production of vinegar(2). acetic acid bacteria (aab) can use substrates as glucose, ethanol, lactate or glyc...

Background and Aim: Enterococcus species are opportunistic pathogens and their pathogenicity seems to be related to the presence of a number of pathogenicity genes. Since donkey’s milk is a new non-allergenic source of nutrition, this study was performed to assess the antibiogram and detection of pathogenicity genes in some Enterococcus faecalis isolates from donkey’s milk. Materials and Method...

Introduction: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a type of ventricular arrhythmia characterized by prolonged QT intervals on electrocardiogram or delay in ventricular repolarization and it can lead to syncope, seizure and sudden cardiac death. Here, KCNE1 and KCNE2 variants are studied among Iranian affected families with this syndrome. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients referring to Rajaei Cardiov...

Salinity as one of the most important stresses disturbs favorable growth conditions of the plants leading to several metabolic disorders such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) with FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) co-factor is one of the key enzymes in Glutathione-ascorbate pathway which reduces monodehydroascorbate (MDHA) radicals. In this study MDHAR ge...

methodology non-native participants in this study were sixty ba students majoring in english literature and teaching english as a foreign language at khayyam university of mashhad. they were senior students, between 21 to 24 years old, who had studied english for at least three and a half years and had passed several courses including grammar, reading, conversation, and writing. this was assum...