the aim of this study is to examine the difference between the introverts and extroverts in preferred advice-giving style. furthermore, it explores the difference between l1 (persian) and l2 (english) regarding the giving of advice for the extroverts and introverts separately. it investigates whether an extrovert or introvert gives advice in the same manner in his l1 (persian) and l2 (english) ...

Economic development in societies depends on resources (capital, government, human resources) research has shown that role of human resources in human development is very important. However, many factors, including media, which have an awareness-raising mission can be effective in human development. Human development using media requires a strategy, but in our country there is a lack of researc...

Objectives: Given the vulnerability of a lot of old people due to various physical, psychological, social, and family problems, we aimed to develop a theory in the field of aging based on systematic data collection. Methods & Materials: The current study is a type of qualitative research tradition method called information Grounded theory. The study sample consisted of 20 o...

Abstract Purpose: The aim of the present study was to provide an optimal model of organizational culture in educational organization of Khorasan Razavi. Methodology: To reach this purpose, a qualitative data research method or grounded theory had been used. Fifteen experts on the subject were interviewed in order to obtain the required data in this study. After conducting interviews, data anal...

while performance-based language assessment has led to an increased authenticity and content validity in the practice of writing assessment, the reliability of ratings has become a major issue. research findings have shown different reactions by native english speaker (nes) and non-native english speaker (nns) teachers to students’ writings. the focus of this study is on investigating whether i...

چکیده: پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تطبیقی اعتماد اجتماعی در بین دبیران زن و مرد مقطع راهنمایی شهر ایلام می پردازد. امروزه در جوامع شاهد گسترش ارتباطات هستیم و با توجه به این که دامنه کنش های اجتماعی از حد روابط با آشنایان و دوستان فراتر رفته و به تعامل با کنشگران غربیه و نا آشنا گسترش یافته است، لزوم وجود اعتماد، بیش از پیش احساس می شود. اما با توجه به نقش دبیران در نهادهای آموزشی، در انتقال ارزش ها و...

abstract pragmatics is the study of communicative action in its sociocultural context. communicative action includes not only using speech acts (such as apologizing, complaining, complimenting, and requesting), but also engaging in different types of discourse and participating in speech events of varying length and complexity. the present study aimed to investigate the assessment of pragm...

Introduction: Medical education is one of the most important issues in current changing conditions which mainly addresses medical students. The purpose of this study was to extract the underlying theory of medical education in Iran based on the perspective and experiences of the medical students. Methods: This was a qualitative study. The data were collected by semi-structured interview and fo...

background: organic nitrates relax all kinds of smooth muscle , not only vascular smooth muscle , a fact that has allowed the use of these drugs to treat many different aliments. objective.-the purpuse of this study was to examine prosepectively benefical effects , if any, of sublingual nitroglycerin on the pain of renal colic. design.- prospective , randomised , double blind, placebo- contoled...