background: a known species lutztrema (lutziella) microacetabularae rhode, 1966 is being described for the first time from pakistan. this species is characterized by having body long and slender, oral sucker subterminal, acetabulum smaller than oral sucker lying in anterior third of the body, pharynx small, esophagus promi-nent which become gradually wider and bifurcates in to two rudimentary c...

introduction rabies is an acute fatal viral disease that is generally transmitted from animals to humans following wild and domestic animal bites. the rabies virus enters the body from the area where the individual is bitten, and then the virus moves towards the brain and involves the nerves. case presentation during the years 2001-2011, there have been 73 reported rabies cases. about 50,000 re...

urethral leiomyomas are rare begin mesenchymal tumors that arise from the smooth muscle of the urethra. most reported cases in the literature have occurred in women of child bearing age. these tumors present with a variety of symptoms. excision is curative however occasional cases of relapse have been described. here we describe a case of a female teenager who presented with intermittent urinar...

Fertility rates in Pakistan have remained consistently high over the past three decades. While numerous studies have examined sociodemographic determinants, the role of biological factors, and particularly consanguinity, has received little attention, even though marriage between close biological relatives continues to be the norm in Pakistan. Reproductive behaviour among women in consanguineou...

Background and Aims: CBLVd has been reported from northern of Iran previously. The aim of this study was evaluating new viroid variant from asymptomatic citrus trees of Fars province and comparing with its other isolates. Materials and Methods: In this study a number of citrus trees without symptoms were sampled and subjected to RNA extraction followed by RT-PCR, cloning and sequencing of ...