this study was conducted to investigate the impact of podcasts as a learning and teaching tool on iranian efl learners’ motivation for listening as well as on their listening comprehension ability. the study also investigated the learners’ perception towards listening to podcasts and examined whether the learners were likely to accept podcasts. out of fifty-five intermediate learners studying e...

this research was conducted in two protect and destroy region in the middle zagros, in illam province. in order to identification of ecological species group and evaluate density of regeneration, effect of many factors such as protection, vegetation, physiographic factors, physical and chemical properties of soil in study locations were studied. to achieve these purpose number of 54 plots using...

صاختار صنعت برق در بسیاری از کشورهای جهان در حال گذار از فضای انحصاری به فضای رقابتی است. در این فرآیند که تحت عنوان کلی تجدید ساختار در صنعت برق پیگیری می شود، کشورهای مختلف با مدل های متفاوتی در جهت رقابتی کردن این صنعت در حال حرکتند. تجدید ساختار در صنعت برق مسایل مختلف بهره برداری و برنامه ریزی صنعت برق را تحت تاثیر قرار داده است و مسایل جدیدی نیز در این حوزه ها متولد شده اند. در فضای رقابت...

در این مطالعه، مسئله ی تعیین اندازه ی انباشته ی پویای احتمالی با در نظرگرفتن تخفیف کلی تعریف و مدل سازی می شود. از آن جا که مدل مورد نظر غیرخطی مختلط است، مدل تقریب تکه تکه خطی مسئله نیز ارائه می گردد. برای حل مدل غیرخطی مسئله ی مورد نظر دو روش ارائه شده است. رویکرد حل اصلی استفاده از یک الگوریتم شاخه کران (b&b) است. در این الگوریتم زیرمسئله ی مربوط به هر گره، یک مسئله ی غیرخطی مختلط است که بر ...

cohesion is an indispensable linguistic feature in discourse analysis. lexicald such a differe cohesion and conjunction in particular as two crucial elements to textual cohesion and comprehension has been the focus of a wide range of studies up to now. yet the relationship between the open register and cohesive devices has not been thoroughly investigated in discourse studies. this study concen...

dendrimer synthesis strategies now provide virtual control of macromolecular nanostructures as a function of size and surface/interior functionality. these strategies involve the covalent assembly of hierarchical components reactive monomers , branch cells or dendron’s around atomic or molecular cores according to divergent/convergent dendrite branching principles.combinon of two or more dendri...

a novel acrylic acid-functionalized fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticle with a core-shell structure was developed for utilization as a heterogeneous organosuperacid in chemical transformations. the structural, surface, and magnetic characteristics of the nanosized catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (tem), thermogravimetric analysis (tga), and ft-ir...

asymmetric polyethersulfone (pes) microfiltration flat sheet membranes were composed by the phase inversion method (pim) and were used as supports. composite membranes were fabricated by coating silicone rubber as selective layer. effect of different concentrations of pes and pdms and different solvent such as nmp, dmf and dms effects as pes solvents and support thickness and different coagulat...

مساله فروشنده دوره گرد یکی از معروفترین مسائل بهینه سازی ترکیبی است که با توجه به ویژگی های خاص آن، در سال های اخیر نیز بستر مناسبی برای اعتبار سنجی الگوریتم های مختلف ابتکاری، فرا ابتکاری و دقیق بوده است. کاربردهای متعدد این مساله از لحاظ نظری و عملیاتی نیز باعث توجه ویژه محققان به آن شده است. الگوریتم فرا ابتکاری بهینه سازی توسط کلونی مورچگان در زمره روش های فرا ابتکاری موفقی است که در سال ها...

even though, to date, a lot of studies have been conducted on the subject of politeness theory, there are very few studies regarding the applicability of this theory to translation between english and persian which shows the reason behind conducting the present study. this study was carried out with the aim of highlighting whether there is any difference between english and persian methods of u...