health price inflation rate is different from increasing in health expenditures. health expenditures contain both quantity and prices but inflation rate contains prices. this study aimed to determine the factors that affect the inflation rate for health care services (ircpihc) in iran.we used central bank of iran data. we estimated the relationship between the inflation rate and its determinant...

T he world economy has experienced a bulk of positive and negative shocks in crude oil prices and exchange rates over the years, and that global inflation has undergone some changes. Such shocks have affected the macroeconomic variables in the countries of the world and have challenged the economies of these countries, and have led them to take different measures to protect themselves agai...

These lecture notes are organized into ten lessons that summarize the status of inflationary cosmology. 1 Inflation is a Bold and Expansive Paradigm The hot big-bang cosmology is very successful. It provides a physical description of the Universe from about 10 sec onward [1]. However, it raises fundamental questions about initial conditions: The origin of the smoothness and flatness of our Hubb...

The standard “new-Keynesian” model accounts well for the fact that inflation has been stable at a zero interest rate peg. However, If the Fed raises nominal interest rates, the same model model predicts that inflation will smoothly rise, both in the short run and long run. This paper presents a series of failed attempts to escape this prediction. Sticky prices, money, backward-looking Phillips ...

I nflation forecast is one of the tools in targeting inflation by the central bank. The most important problem of previous models to forecast the inflation is that they could not provide a correct prediction over time. However, the central bank policymakers shall seek to create economic stability by ignoring the short-term and temporary changes in price and regarding steady inflation...