Background A malocclusion is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close. Considering the prevalence of malocclusion and its role in quality of life <span style="font-fami...

Nutrition is “The science of food, the nutrients and other substances therein, their action, interaction and balance in relation to health and diseases and the processes by which the organism ingest, digest, absorbs, transports, utilizes and excretes food substances” [1]. Intake of requisite nutrition decides the proper growth and development of the individual. During the formative stages of ti...

statement of problem comprehensive diagnosis is regarded as an important base for orthodontic treatment. an effective way to reach a correct diagnosis is to compare the craniofacial skeleton of patients with normal cases in the same race through lateral cephalograms. purpose the present study was designed to determine the cephalometric standards of senior high school students in the city of ham...

background and aims. the correct relationship of the total mesiodistal width of the mandibular teeth to that of the maxillary teeth (bolton’s ratios) is among the main factors considered in obtaining an optimal occlusion. the present study was conducted to determining the bolton’s ratios before and after treatment in skeletal class i patients. materials and methods. in this descriptive analytic...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Dental problems and oral diseases can have their own effects on social-psychological aspects, physical conditions, as well as quality of life (QOL) in individuals. In this regard, malocclusion can influence functional, socio-economic, and psychological aspects in patients. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of orthodontic treatments on QO...