We compare two pivot strategies for phrase-based statistical machine translation (SMT), namely phrase translation and sentence translation. The phrase translation strategy means that we directly construct a phrase translation table (phrase-table) of the source and target language pair from two phrase-tables; one constructed from the source language and English and one constructed from English a...

This  article  outlines  founding  principles  and  a  guiding  strategy  for  the  translation  of Apollinaire’s  poetry;  many  aspects  of  the  strategy  reflect  the  convictions  and  practices  of Apollinaire’s own poetics. But the article is particularly concerned to argue that translation’s task is the projection of the source text into its future, rather than being an act of recuperat...

  Culture is an extremely complex concept. Translating cultural elements is a demanding task due to the fact that these elements comprise specific meanings and implications belonging exclusively to the lan-guage and culture from which they have emerged. Regarding this point, the present article investigated the strategies employed for translating culture-specific items (CSIs) in an English nov...

This paper implements and compares three different strategies to use English as pivot language for Chinese-Japanese patent translation: corpus enrichment, sentence pivot translation and phrase pivot translation. Our results show that both corpus enrichment and phrase pivot translation strategy outperform the baseline system, while the sentence pivot translation strategy failed to improve the sy...

The present study sought to investigate the extent to which Persian idiomatic expressions would influence the western translators' strategies in providing the ultimate product in English, and it also attempted to uncover the underlying assumptions in target text, then to suggest some weighty strategies to overcome difficulties with translation. For this purpose, the data was analyzed within the...