We show that first order logic (FO) and first order logic extended with modulo counting quantifiers (FOMOD) over purely functional vocabularies which extend addition, satisfy the Crane beach property (CBP) if the logic satisfies a normal form (called positional normal form). This not only shows why logics over the addition vocabulary have the CBP but also gives new CBP results, for example for ...

The rapid growth in magnitude and complexity of cyber-security information and event management (CSIEM) has ignited a trend toward security automation and information exchange standards. Making Security Measurable (MSM) references a collection of open community standards for the common enumeration, expression and reporting of cyber-security-related information. While MSM-related standards are v...

Neural machine translation (NMT) cannot handle a larger vocabulary because the training complexity and decoding complexity proportionally increase with the number of target words. This problem becomes even more serious when translating patent documents, which contain many technical terms that are observed infrequently. Long et al. (2017) proposed to select phrases that contain out-of-vocabulary...

The gestures children produce predict the early stages of spoken language development. Here we ask whether gesture is a global predictor of language learning, or whether particular gestures predict particular language outcomes. We observed 52 children interacting with their caregivers at home, and found that gesture use at 18 months selectively predicted lexical versus syntactic skills at 42 mo...

In this paper we present first a new method for computing temporal queries based on fuzzy time vocabulary. And secondly, since temporal analysis is usually heavy, we propose a parameterized pseudoassociative t-norm that reduces the computational time, without loosing generality.

This paper concerns the adaptation of automatic speech recognisers to new speakers. Existing recognisers, in their training and adaptation, treat between-speaker variation essentially as acoustic 'noise' and ignore s tructuring which originates at higher levels, caused for instance by accent differences. If a large-vocabulary recogniser is to cope efficiently with a realistic range of speakers ...