Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between craving for methamphetamine and personality characteristics of patients under methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Method: Eighty patients under MMT were chosen from Iranian National Centers for Addiction Study, Aftab Society, Aftab-e-Mehrvarzi, and a private infirmary and thereafter answered to Temperament and Charac...

‏‎this study investigated the effect of prior knowledge on the listening comprehension performance of fl learners. twenty students, male and female, drawn from the two intact groups of the senior and junior english language and literature majors were chosen as the participants of this study . the two groups were then randomly assigned into the experimental and control group. the experimental gr...

the aim of this study is to examine the difference between the introverts and extroverts in preferred advice-giving style. furthermore, it explores the difference between l1 (persian) and l2 (english) regarding the giving of advice for the extroverts and introverts separately. it investigates whether an extrovert or introvert gives advice in the same manner in his l1 (persian) and l2 (english) ...

the primary goal of the current project was to examine the effect of three different treatments, namely, models with explicit instruction, models with implicit instruction, and models alone on differences between the three groups of subjects in the use of the elements of argument structures in terms of toulmins (2003) model (i.e., claim, data, counterargument claim, counterargument data, rebutt...

abstract the current study examined the role of emotional intelligence and motivation on language learning of efl learners in iranian context. the participants of this study were 162 female and 100 male junior high school students. these participants were selected by convenient sampling method. to carry out the study two questionnaires were administered to the participants. first, the adap...

Positive psychology is the scientific study of optimal human functioning. The focus of positive psychology is on how human life flourishes and reaches its potentials. Character strengths are the core concepts of the scientific approach to positive psychology. This study aims to compare the advantages of character in students according to their academic fields. For this purpose, 351 students of ...

Positive psychotherapy has some efficiencies in the treatment of depression but its effectiveness can be increased through technical and theoretical integration. The aim of the present study is to develop an integrative treatment model and comparing its effectiveness with positive psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. The research design is quasi-experimental. The population consists ...