Defined-contribution plans represent a major organizational form for investors’ retirement savings. Today more than one third of all workers are enrolled in 401K plans. In a 401K plan, participants select assets from a set of choices designated by an employer. For over half of 401K-plan participants, retirement savings represent their sole financial asset. Yet to date there has been no study of...

This paper studies the optimal design of long-term executive pay plans when boards of directors use accounting information for investment decision-making and executives can take costly actions to manipulate this information. The model predicts that a shift to more convex executive pay plans, such as equity plans that rely more on options and less on stock, is associated with higher levels of ma...

Understanding the antecedents of IT investment decisions is a significant line of enquiry in the IT business value literature. Although previous research has shown a positive link between long-term performance plans and corporate decision making, the association between the use of long-term performance plans and IT investment is understudied in the extant literature. Drawing on agency theory, w...

Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify the knowledge real estate market by students and graduates find out their housing investment plans. A literature relating was conducted. diagnostic survey method used determine plans graduates, expectations regarding changes in policy, level basic concepts relationships related market. conducted March 2022 among Wroclaw University Economics Busi...

Purpose: We investigate participant behaviors and the investment performance of defined contribution (DC) plans. Design/methodology/approach: Using unique data 420,839 participants in 47,442 workplace pension schemes for small firms South Korea, we examine behavior DC Findings: find that exhibit extreme risk avoidance their management, leading to lower returns. Additionally, most choose few pro...