America’s population is aging. The baby boomers, Americans born between 1946 and 1964, are the nation’s single largest generation in history (U.S. Census Bureau, 2006). Numbering nearly 80,000,000 people, this generation has defined and characterized the demand on the country’s transportation enterprise: its infrastructure, vehicles, land use, and public as well as private institutions. The int...

Nat iona l and international economic policy has usually ignored the environment. In areas where the environment is beginning to impinge on policy, as in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), it remains a tangential concern, and the presumption is often made that economic growth and economic liberalization (including the liberaliz...

i Contents Executive Summary iii 1. Introduction 1 1.1 The origins of agri-environment policy in England 1 1.2 The England Rural Development Programme 2 1.3 The context of this evaluation 3 2.

This study investigates the land surface temperature (LST) distribution from thermal infrared data for analyzing the characteristics of surface coverage using the Vegetation-ImperviousSoil (VIS) approach. A set of ten images, obtained from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper, between 2001 and 2010, were used to study the urban environmental conditions of 47 neighborhoods of Porto Alegre city, Brazil. Por...

Hand ISSN The point of departure for the study of the impact of energy and environmental policies is the neoclassical theory of economic growth formulated by Cass (1965) and Koopmans (1967). The longrun properties of economic growth models are independent of energy and environmental policies. However, these policies affect capital accumulation and rates of productivity growth that determine the...

Bagwell (GEB, 1995) argues that commitment in undermined by the slightest amount of imperfect observation. Guth, Ritzberger & Kirchsteiger (GEB, 1998) question this assertion: for any finite leaderfollower game, with arbitrary many players in each role and generic payoffs, they show that there always exists a subgame perfect equilibrium outcome which is accessible. That is, this outcome can be ...

Sustainable energy utilization and environmental protection are important to sustainable economic growth. In this paper, we develop an endogenous economic growth model and discuss the optimal path of sustainable economic growth with the constraints of energy and environment. We find that sustainable economic growth can be achieved only when the relative contribution rate of environment protecti...

This article forges an explicit link between an objective measure of political constraints and variation in cross-national growth rates. It derives a new measure of political constraints from a simple spatial model of political interaction that incorporates information on the number of independent branches of government with veto power and the distribution of preferences across and within those...