two groups of students were assigned as experimental and control ones, and were given instruction on directed reading-thinking activities and after some treatment, they were post-tested. although the initial pre-test did not show any significant differences, the final post-test result revealed that the cooperative reading comprehension helped the experimental group. the cooperative students’...

این پژوهش در سال­های زراعی 1394 و 1395 در شهرستان ساری با آزمایش کرت­های خردشده با سه فاکتور اصلی (دور آبیاری) و سه فاکتور فرعی (مقدار آب آبیاری) در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. دورها، انجام آبیاری بعد از 20، 35 و 50 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشت تبخیر کلاس A بود (به ترتیب F-20، F-35 و F-50). آبیاری در 3 مقدار 100 ،75 و 55 درصد نیاز آبی انجام شد (به­ترتیب FI، PRD-75 و PRD-55...

within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

abstractof two mcall programs introducing 100 vocabulary items through two im the researcher of the present study was intrigued to compare the effects age modalities (pictures and streaming video) with those of a conventional method (teacher instruction) in an efl context. she set out to investigate whether such multimedia environments could provide a more effective environment for vocabulary...

abstract this study examined the relationship between noticing pronunciation and the improvement pronunciation by administering a 50 item story, as proficiency- test in order to investigate the effectiveness of noticing pronunciation on the improvement of pronunciation. accordingly 60 qualified students were selected and assigned to the two groups of experimental and control randomly, each gr...

آب از مهم­ترین عوامل تولید محصولات کشاورزی در سرتاسر جهان است. کمبود آب کشاورزی لزوم استفاده از کم آبیاری را نمایان می­سازد. از طرفی کم آبیاری به­عنوان یک عامل محدودکننده رشد، خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک گیاهان را تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهد. این تحقیق به­منظور بررسی تأثیر کم آبیاری بر شاخص کلروفیل، شاخص سطح برگ و پارامترهای ریشه در پنج تیمار آبیاری قطره­ای شامل آبیاری کامل (١٠٠ درصد جبران نقصان رطوبتی خاک)، ...

one very decisive factor in students’ academic destiny is the result they get at final term examinations. because of its importance, both students and teachers are curiously anxious about them. as normally it is the case, these final term tests are prepared hurriedly in short time by teachers which result in students’ dissatisfaction, complaining on how the test was different from their expecta...

feminine voice and narratology in wuthering heights wuthering heights as a general "bronte" work has extraordinary dimensions to it which can make it focal to different ways of interpretation. among other differences the issue of narrative voice is essential in understanding the ultimate purpose of wuthering heights. emily bronte uses different narrators from various focal points speaking of m...

abstract lexical knowledge of complex english words is an important part of language skills and crucial for fluent language use (nation, 2001). the present study, thus, was an attempt to assess the role of morphological decomposition awareness as a vocabulary learning strategy on learners’ productive and receptive recall and recognition of complex english words. so 90 sophomores (female and ma...

abstract the present study was conducted in order to investigate the impact of an integrated model of form-focused and task-based instruction on iranian efl learners vocabulary learning and retention.it also aimed to detect efl learners attitude towards the implementation of form-focused task-based vocabulary instruction in the classroom. in order to address the purposes of this study, a sampl...