Background and Aims: Klotho protein is a substance effective in increasing life expectancy. Moreover, it prevents muscle atrophy, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the present aimed to assess changes in the expression of klotho protein and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) genes in the muscles of aged Wistar rats after eight weeks of resistance training. Materials and Met...

abstract the purpose of this study is twofold: on the one hand, it is intended to see what kind of noticing-the –gap activity (teacher generated vs. learner generated) is more efficient in teaching l2 grammar in classroom language learning. on the other hand, it is an attempt to determine which approach of the noticing-the-gap- activity is more effective in the long- term retention of grammar...

abstract recent studies suggest that prelistening activities play an important role in the development of listening comprehension (e.g. long 1990;chiang and dunkel 1992; schmidt-rinehart 1994; jensen and hansen 1995; robinson et al., 1995; buck, 1995; foster and skehan,1996; teng 1996; robinson, 2001; chang and read 2006). in line with previous studies and to shed light on a new aspect of sche...

Background & Aim: Cardiac functional adaptations are affected by gender, age, intensity and type of exercise. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of endurance, resistance, concurrent training on the cardiac function. Methods: Forty healthy middle-aged women (mean age 44/62±3/45 years, height 157/75±4/87 cm and weight 73/27±10/64 kg) were randomly divided into four groups (10 person...

to teach english adequately, qualified teachers are needed. unfortunately, there are still teachers who are teaching english without an academic degree in tefl. it is necessary for teachers to have a major in english to have subject knowledge, but it is not sufficient. teachers need to have an understanding of the social, cultural, moral, ethical, and pedagogical issues of education and practic...

Objective: Resistance exercises improve muscle strength and joint's physical status. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of progressive resistive exercise on joint's physical characteristics and quality of life in hemarthrosis joint in severe haemophilic A patients. Methods: Twenty-four severe haemophilia A patients (18-35 years old) with knee hemarthrosis, were assigned randomly to ...

Background and Objective: Leptin resistance is an important risk factor for obesity. So, the present study was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of one-month concurrent training with and without caffeine ingestion on the resting energy expenditure and leptin resistance in overweight women.   Materials and Methods: 20 non-athlete and overweight women in a double-blind and quasi...