Background Despite the significant role “values” play in decision-making no definition or attributes regarding the concept have been provided in health policy-making. This study aimed to clarify the defining attributes of a concept of value and its irrelevant structures in health policy-making. We anticipate our findings will help reduce the semantic ambiguities associated with the use of “valu...

Decision making in a semistructured or unstructured problem should consist of a combination of solution procedures, probabilistic reasoning, and human judgments. Such processes mostly involve in evaluating multi-objectives or attributes while making decisions. In addition, they are always complied with the decision makers’ inward probabilistic structure, which will be tedious without the assist...

environmental factors are one of the most sensitive issues that should be considered in many decisions. site selection is one of the most widely used spatial decision making problems and is influenced by many environmental factors. the purpose of site selection is to find a set of appropriate spatial alternatives for a particular application. site selection is a multi-criteria decision making p...

As an special intuitionistic fuzzy set defined on the real number set, triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number (TIFN) is a fundamental tool for quantifying an ill-known quantity. In order to model the decision maker's overall preference with mandatory requirements, it is necessary to develop some Bonferroni harmonic mean operators for TIFNs which can be used to effectively intergrate the informa...

Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs) are widely used to handle uncertainty and imprecision in decision making. However, in more complicated environment, it is difficult to express the uncertain information by an IVIFS with considering the decision-making preference. Hence, this paper proposes a group generalized interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (G-GIVIFSS) which conta...

A target-based MADM method covers beneficial and non-beneficial attributes besides target values for some attributes. Such techniques are considered as the comprehensive forms of MADM approaches. Target-based MADM methods can also be used in traditional decision-making problems in which beneficial and non-beneficial attributes only exist. In many practical selection problems, some attributes ha...

Recently, the TODIM$^1$(an acronym in Portuguese of interactive and multi-criteria decision making) method has attracted increasing attention and many researchers have extended it to deal with multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems under different situations. However, none of them can be used to handle MADM problems with positive, independent, and negative interactions among attribu...