abstract ion selective electrodes (ises) are electrochemical sensors that respond selectivity to the activity of ionic species. an ion-selective electrode is an electrochemical device that uses a thin selective membrane or film as the recognition element, and is an electrochemical half-cell equivalent to other half-cells of the zeroth (inert metal in a redox electrolyte). in common methods o...

plagiarism in esl/efl learning contexts has been established as a dynamic and multi-layered phenomenon and has become a topic engaging many researchers in a heated debate in recent years. comparisons of student-generated texts with their source texts have shown that students rely on source texts in their writings and copying is a major strategy used by both l1 and l2 writers. in our country a...

bekenstein and hawking by introducing temperature and every black hole has entropy and using the first law of thermodynamic for black holes showed that this entropy changes with the event horizon surface. bekenstein and hawking entropy equation is valid for the black holes obeying einstein general relativity theory. however, from one side einstein relativity in some cases fails to explain expe...

Citizenship education is one of the main pillars of social life in the current era. Skills of citizenship education are addressed through various planning in advanced societies. Given such conditions, this research aims to investigate effective factors on citizenship education from perspective of municipal employees in the city of Zanjan. In terms of purpose, this research is applied, and in te...

heuristics are often used to provide solutions for flow shop scheduling problems.the performance of a heuristic is usually judged by comparing solutions and run times on test cases.this investigation proposes an analytical alternative ,called asymptotic convergence ,which tests the convergence of the heuristic to a lower bound as problem size grows. the test is a stronger variation of worst cas...

در این پایان نامه خصوصیات کلی شبیه سازی cycle-based معرفی شده و نحوه انجام شبیه سازی cycle-based در سطح گیت و سطح انتقال ثبات مورد بررسی موشکافانه قرار گرفته است . در این پایان نامه همچنین محدودیتهای شبیه سازی cycle-based معرفی شده و راه حلهایی برای این مشکلات ارائه شده است . به موازات این پایان نامه و برای اثبات صحت نظریه های مطرح شده و راه حلهای ارائه شده در آن، یک شبیه ساز cycle-based برای ز...

the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of task-based instruction of vocabulary on the receptive and oral productive acquisition of english vocabulary and compare the results with those obtained from the traditional method. the method and procedure applied in this study was as follows: after the implementation of opt, a group of sixty female students were chosen. the stu...

the present study sought to examine whether a task-based approach could have an impact on raising awareness of collocations. moreover, it sought to investigate the facilitative role of consciousness-raising tasks of collocations in the communicative instances of use. to this end, 68 intermediate learners of english were selected via a placement test. the participants were taught with classroom ...