A survey of sibships containing a mongol was undertaken to determine the risk to the mother of bearing a second mongol. Opposing views have been expressed on the subject of familial incidence of mongolism. Benda (1947), Engler (1949) and 0ster (1953a, 1956) have all stated or implied that the risk of bearing a second mongol child is no greater than the general risk of having a mongol. On the ot...

There are many demonstrations of political interrelation of Turk kaganate and Mongol empire. The article deals with one of the points of Turk-Mongol interrelation as the ceremony of ascending the khan to the throne. It is historically proved that the ascending to the throne ceremony takes origin from Turk kaganate period by comparing the materials, concerning the facts of the history of both st...

We investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at 87 sites of the phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) gene in Mongol and Han patients with ischemic stroke in Inner Mongolia. SNPs in 226 patients with ischemic stroke (case group, 110 Mongol patients, 116 Han patients) and 220 patients without neurological disease (control group, 102 Mongol patients, 118 Han patients) were detected by polymerase ...

The impact of the Mongol invasions of the Middle East has been the subject of extensive research, especially in the last few decades. Scholars have evaluated the damage and the benefits brought by the Mongols to the Islamic world in different fields such as the military, religion, politics, economy and culture. Despite this, in the case of Anatolia, the Mongol period is still under-studied when...

in the earliest centuries of islamic period, arabic language was spread in iran by accelerated rate and over time it has been converted into iranian political, scientific, and literary language in the field of islamic civilization. amidst, many of iranian intellectual and literate people created some literary works in arabic so that an all-out arabic verse market was highly boosting in iran, pa...

Although many studies have associated the demise of complex societies with deteriorating climate, few have investigated the connection between an ameliorating environment, surplus resources, energy, and the rise of empires. The 13th-century Mongol Empire was the largest contiguous land empire in world history. Although drought has been proposed as one factor that spurred these conquests, no hig...

father and G trisomy in the two mongol children, but revealed 5 cells with 47 chromosomes among 70 cells counted from the mother. In 4 of these cells the extra chromosome was from the G group, and in the remaining cell it was a C group chromosome. On these results maternal mosaicism with karyotype 46,XX/47, XX,G+ was diagnosed. In 1971 the couple elected to have a further child despite the risk...

Parental mosaicism for trisomy-21 is a recognized reason for the birth of mongol children, and the possibility of parental mosaicism may be suspected especially in couples who produce more than one 'regular' mongol. However, in a recent review, Richards (1970) found only 11 documented instances of this occurrence. We wish to describe another woman in whom mosaicism was suspected clinically but ...