At present, China is going through a rapid rate of mass urbanisation, and this poses a number of challenges for the building sector. On one hand, under new directives from the government, new buildings will have stricter energy requirements and existing buildings will also need to lower their rate of energy consumption, on another hand, the lifetime of buildings are now intended to last longer,...

[1] The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) is a near-global scale mode of observed multidecadal climate variability with alternating warm and cool phases over large parts of the Northern Hemisphere. Many prominent examples of regional multidecadal climate variability have been related to the AMO, such as North Eastern Brazilian and African Sahel rainfall, Atlantic hurricanes and North Amer...

The observed recent freshening trend in the deep North Atlantic and the Labrador Sea is investigated in three forced ensembles and a long control simulations using the HadCM3 coupled ocean–atmosphere–sea-ice climate model. The 40 yr freshening trend during the late half of the 20th century is captured in the all forcings ensemble that applies all major external (natural and anthropogenic) forci...

This study approaches the problem of downscaling global climate model simulations with an emphasis on validating and selecting global models. The downscaling method makes minimal, physically-based corrections to the global simulation while preserving much of the statistics of interannual variability in the climate model. Differences among the downscaled results for simulations of present-day cl...

abstract the most important part of the design and operation of the supplier systems of agricultural water requirement is the estimating of plant water requirement. in this study by using the lars-wg5 model, downscaled the data of hadcm3 model according a1b, a2 and b1 scenarios that confirmed by ipcc, and was simulated monthly amounts of precipitation, minimum temperature, maximum temperature a...