Annual stem length growth of the circumarctic dwarf shrub Cassiope tetragona has proven to be a reliable proxy for past and ongoing climate change in the Arctic. This reliability is based on its strong linear relationship with monthly climate parameters. Monthly means are however coarse units for prediction of growth in marginal regions with short growing seasons. Growing degree-days (GDD) are ...

A study was conducted in the northeastern areas of Punjab province (Pakistan) to analyse the monthly and seasonal pattern of fasciolosis in buffaloes and its relation to some climatic factors (temperature, humidity, rainfall and pan-evaporation) was also worked out. The faecal samples of buffaloes were collected from April 2003 to March 2005 on a monthly basis from randomly selected areas and a...

BACKGROUND Expanding cities with rapid economic development has resulted in increased energy consumption leading to numerous environmental problems for their residents. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between air pollution and mortality rate due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Shiraz. METHODS This is an analytical cross-sectional study in which the corre...

BACKGROUND The transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is influenced by population dynamics of its main host, rodents. It is therefore important to better understand rodents' characteristic in epidemic areas. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We examined the potential impact of food available and climatic variability on HFRS rodent host and developed forecasting models. Mont...

extended abstract introduction rainfall prediction at regional and global scales is mostly as principle component of hydro-meteorological studies in un-gauged regions. ground-based measurements of precipitation are available with high accuracy in synoptic stations. spatial distribution of operational stations is now as one of the biggest problems in the developing countries such as iran, which ...