Network of public spaces composes of a network of interconnected land use and various elements of the city, such as synthetic and natural which shows the city as a whole. Network structure of public spaces is important because understanding this network as a structure presents us the formation of the city. This paper attempts to define the status of the network of public spaces in the city stru...

objectives: the purpose of this research was to identify and present environmental aspects that affect elders presence and participation in urban public spaces. methods & materials: the current research is an analytic- descriptive type in survey beds. statistical sample of this research were elders over 65 years of shiraz city that attended and participated in urban public places. data of this ...

Surprisingly, quantitative data about parking in the city are rare and models play a limited role in the analysis of urban parking policies, with few exceptions (e.g. Shiftan 2001). Much of the modelling literature regarding parking is theoretical in nature and has not been applied to real-world situations (e.g. Voith 1998; Petiot 2004; Lam 2006). Most policy-oriented work, in turn, hardly make...

urban design and landscape architecture are considered as modern art (knowledge) which are developed through integration of various art and science fields of studies. formal emergence of urban design in 60s and landscape design is occurred at the beginning of 20th century. the success of these two fields is because of their attention to environmental qualities upgrade in public and open spaces ...

According to research, between 15 to 20 percent of the total energy consumption of every country is used for residential spaces. This amount is explanatory of the high cost and will follow the destruction of natural resources and environmental demolition. The aim of this research is to recognize earth thermal ability and its usage in public buildings and especially in private buildings in order...