the aim of this study is to examine the difference between the introverts and extroverts in preferred advice-giving style. furthermore, it explores the difference between l1 (persian) and l2 (english) regarding the giving of advice for the extroverts and introverts separately. it investigates whether an extrovert or introvert gives advice in the same manner in his l1 (persian) and l2 (english) ...

“Executive functions” are used as an umbrella term that are broader than cognition and incorporates a range of interrelated processes responsible for goal-directed behavior. Most of the findings from interventional studies have confirmed the effective and sustained benefits of training executive functions in academic performance. Most of these studies, both working memory and attent...

abstract this study investigates the teachers’ correction of students’ spoken errors of linguistic forms in efl classes, aiming at (a) examining the relationship between the learners’ proficiency level and the provision of corrective feedback types, (b) exploring the extent to which teachers’ use of different corrective feedback types is related to the immediate types of context in which err...

a major concern in the last few years has been the fact that the cultural centers are keeping distance with what they have been established for and instead of reproducing the hegemony, they have turned into a place for resistance and reproduction of resistance against hegemony. because the cultural centers, as urban public spaces in the last two decades, have been the subject of ideological dis...

the concepts of similarity and dissimilarity have been the interest of many researchers. basically, in the studies the similarity between two objects or phenomena, has been discussed. in this thesis, we consider the case when the resemblance or similarity among three objects or phenomena of a set, 3-similarity in our terminology, is desired. later we will extend our definitions and propos...

Aim: The purpose of present research was the comparison of executive-neurological functions of narcotics addicted and normal adults. Method: In this causal-comparative study 38 narcotics addicted person selected of two addiction treatment clinics in Tehran, and 38 normal persons selected through available sampling. The both groups assessed by neuropsychological tests namely: the Wisconsin class...

Objective: Methadone maintenance treatment is one of the most common methods of substance abuse treatment. There is conflicting evidence of the effect of methadone on behavior and cognition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of methadone maintenance treatment on executive functions. Method: A quasi-experimental research design along with pretest and posttest stages was used for t...

Background & Aims: Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia, it is a chronic and progressive degenerative disorder and affects cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation therapy and Montessori-based dementia programming on cognitive function on people with Alzheimer's disease. Materials & Methods: The research met...

in this study, the effects of oleothermal modification on physical and mechanical peroperties of fir wood (abeis sp.) blocks were examined. at first, some blocks of fir wood with 5 × 20 × 120 cm dimensions were prepared. the blocks were treated in soybean oil. the effects of 3 factors such as treatments temperature (180and 200 °c), holding time (12 and 15 h) and initial moisture content of wood...

Introduction: Written disorder is the highest and most complex language skill disorder in humans, and its patients often have problems in executive functions such as verbal working memory, cognitive flexibility, and visual perception. Therefore, the present research aimed to determine aerobic training on verbal working memory, cognitive flexibility, and visual perception in patients with the wr...