Income inequality is rising in China at the same time that urban air pollution remains high. Households can purchase market products such as masks and air filters to protect themselves from pollution. Using a unique data set of Internet purchases, we document that households invest more in such products when ambient pollution levels exceed key alert thresholds. Richer people are more likely to ...

nowadays, environmental problems such as air pollution are the most effective factors in metropolitans. so that, the most important effect of environmental factors such as air pollution has been on prices of residential houses. so, investigation the effects of different factors on residential houses shows that prices have special importance. this article has investigated an environmental approa...

Urban air quality, and its variability in space and time, is a critical issue for human exposure and health related studies. In this work, we investigated the intra-urban distribution of SO2, NOx, NO2, Benzene, Toluene, and Xylenes in ambient air in one of the world’s most polluted cities, Lanzhou, China. Measurements were contemporarily carried out at forty locations in four seasonal campaigns...

inrtoduction developing countries and newly industrialized countries face the twin challenges of protecting the environment while also strengthening their economies. over the past few decades, the intensified process of urbanization and industrialization undertaken by these countries, coupled with rapid population growth, has resulted in the degradation of the environmental quality. particularl...

Urban China’s high levels of ambient air pollution both lowers quality of life and raises mortality risk. China’s wealthy have the purchasing power to purchase private products such as air filters that allows them to offset some of the pollution exposure risk. Using a unique data set of Internet purchases, we document that households invest more in masks and air filter products when ambient pol...