Web applications make increasingly use of services that are provided by external information systems to deliver advanced functionalities to end users. However, many issues regarding how these services are integrated into web applications and how service oriented web applications evolve, are reengineered and refactored are still addressed in an ad hoc manner. In this paper, we present how design...

Multiple methods exist for evaluating search systems; ranging from more user-oriented approaches to those more focused on evaluating system performance. When preparing an evaluation, key questions include: (i) why conduct the evaluation, (ii) what should be evaluated, and (ii) how the evaluation should be conducted. Over recent years there has been more focus on the end users of search systems ...

We describe participatory programming as a process that spans design, programming, use and tailoring of software. This process, that includes end-users at each stage, integrates participatory design and programmability. Programmability, as a property that relies on a reflective architecture, aims to let the end-users evolve the tools themselves according to their current, specific needs and to ...

Research on teacher cognition concerning listening instruction has not been sufficiently touched upon. The present case study aimed to investigate Iranian EFL teachers' stated practices, their perceptions of how effective those practices are, and their actual classroom practices of two casual process-oriented listening instructional approaches namely, strategy-based instruction (SBI) and metaco...

With the rapid growth of socio-technical ecosystems, smart interactions and services will proliferate and permeate every walk of life. Smart services are context-aware—are able to detect its current state or context and determine what interactions to perform or how to tailor services based on its context. In this endeavour, the capability of the system to adjust its behaviour in response to its...

The evolving Web has seen ever-growing use of structured data, thanks to the way it enhances information authoring, querying, visualization and sharing. To date, however, most structured data authoring and management tools have been oriented towards programmers and Web developers. End users have been left behind, unable to leverage structured data for information management and communication as...