the current study aimed at investigating the relationship between motivation and test preparation strategies (tpss) used by iranian pre-university students in their preparation period for the university entrance exam (uee). due to the importance of uee in iran, this study also attempted to show its impact on these two important variables. to this end, 100 pre-university students in an iranian p...

this study investigates the relationship between field-related cognitive styles and global reading comprehension of hypertext. technically, field dependency is prevailing dominance of field on perception of parts, while global comprehension is skim-like reading to grasp the general content. in this research project, 60 senior and junior students of arak university majoring in english literature...

within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiency is common in wheat growing areas of the world particularly in calcareous soils. Soil application of chemical fertilizers is considered as a cost-effective and easy approach to combat micronutrient deficiency. However, due to economic, environmental, and agronomic constrains, efficiency of soil fertilization is low in most calcareous soils. Therefore, finding p...

A greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the influence of different nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) levels on yield, yield components, seed quality and N and Zn contents of two cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In this study, two cultivars of rapeseed (Talayeh and Opera), three N levels (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) and three Zn levels (0, 5 and 10 mg/kg) with three replication...

abstract lexical knowledge of complex english words is an important part of language skills and crucial for fluent language use (nation, 2001). the present study, thus, was an attempt to assess the role of morphological decomposition awareness as a vocabulary learning strategy on learners’ productive and receptive recall and recognition of complex english words. so 90 sophomores (female and ma...

abstract objectives gradual increase length and complexity of utterance (gilcu) therapy method is a form of operant conditioning. this type of treatment is very precise and controlled that is done in 54 steps in 3 speech situations consisted of monologue, reading and conversation. this study aimed to examine the effects of gilcu treatment method on reduction of speech dysfluency of school-age...